Comparative analysis of eight common plastic modification technologies


Release time:

2023-02-13

Long fiber reinforced thermoplastic (UCRT) is a new type of lightweight and high-strength engineering structural material, which has developed rapidly in automotive applications due to its lightweight

(1) Fiber reinforced
Long fiber reinforced thermoplastic (UCRT) is a new type of lightweight and high-strength engineering structural material, which has developed rapidly in automotive applications due to its lightweight, affordable, and easy recycling and reuse. The use of natural fiber such as flax and sisal reinforced plastics to manufacture body parts has been recognized in the automotive industry. On the one hand, because natural fiber is environmentally friendly, on the other hand, plant fiber is 40% lighter than glass fiber, reducing vehicle weight can reduce fuel consumption. Using flax reinforced PP to make car body floor panels, the tensile strength of the material is higher than that of steel, and the stiffness is not lower than that of fiberglass reinforced material, making the parts easier to recycle. The transmission shaft manufactured by GKN Technology in the UK using fiber reinforced plastic reduces weight by 50% -60%, has a torsional resistance 1.0 times greater than steel, and a bending stiffness 1.5 times greater. Plastic springs can significantly reduce weight. The leaf spring made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) weighs 14kg, reducing weight by 76%. In the United States, Japan, and Europe, leaf springs and cylindrical spiral springs have been used to achieve fiber reinforced plasticization, which not only has obvious anti vibration and noise reduction effects, but also achieves the goal of lightweight.
(2) Toughening technology
The stiffness (including strength) and toughness of polymer structural materials are the two most important performance indicators that restrict each other. Therefore, the study of enhancing stiffness while enhancing toughness has always been a challenge in polymer materials science. The Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has achieved significant breakthroughs in solving the scientific problem of simultaneously enhancing and toughening polymer materials through polymer blending filling. It has successfully prepared ultra-high toughness polyolefin engineering plastics for the first time in China, providing a new way for upgrading large varieties of general-purpose plastics and further high-performance engineering plastics. The High Gravity Engineering Technology Research Center of the Ministry of Education has successfully developed the national "863" plan project - "Nano CaCO3 Plastic Toughening Masterbatch and Its Preparation Technology". This masterbatch can toughen and modify PVC, mainly used in the production of PVC door and window profiles, as well as in the production of other hard products such as PVC pipes and plates. From the perspective of development trends, PVC plastic doors and windows have a great potential to comprehensively replace steel and wooden doors and windows. At present, the annual production capacity of PVC door and window profiles in China is 1 million tons, and it is showing a continuous upward trend. Using nano CaCO3 plastic toughening masterbatch to produce PVC door and window profiles can not only comprehensively improve product performance, but also reduce the cost of each ton of profiles by over 100 yuan. At the same time, its application field will also expand to plastic materials such as PP and ABS. The toughening modification of PVC using nano CaCO3 is a non elastic toughening plastic technology developed in recent years (inorganic rigid particle toughening plastic technology), which is still in the research stage in China. Direct addition of nano-CaCO3 will cause two major problems: one is that nano-sized particles will coalesce in the plastic matrix, so that the dispersion is uneven, affecting the toughening effect; Secondly, due to the nano C

 

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